代码开发，还是需要把心沉下去。
这里记录一下今天(昨天)使用的一些代码。
(年龄大了，记性就差了，好记性不如烂笔头，记下来，以后查也方便些)
判断数组里是否存在指定元素
# coding=utf-8
item=5
var_array = [1,2,3,4,6]
if item in var_array:
print("%d 在数组中" % item)
else:
print("%d 不在数组中" % item)
# 将输出
# 5 不在数组中
判断指定的键是否在字典中存在
# coding=utf-8
key = "god"
var_dict = {"god":1, "human":2, "animal":3}
if key in var_dict:
print("%s 在字典中存在"%key)
else:
print("%s 在字典中不存在"%key)
# 将输出
# god 在字典中存在
合并两个数组(取交集)
arr1 = [1,2,3,5]
arr2 = [4,5,8,9]
new_array = list( set(arr1) & set(arr2) )
print(new_array)
# 将输出
# [5]
合并两个数组(取并集)
方法一
arr1 = [1,2,3,5]
arr2 = [4,5,8,9]
new_array = list( set(arr1) | set(arr2) )
print(new_array)
# 将输出
# [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9]
方法二
arr1 = [1,2,3,5]
arr2 = [4,5,8,9]
# 以并集方式合并
arr1.extend(arr2)
# 去重
new_array = list(set(arr1))
print(new_array)
# 将输出
# [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9]
合并两个数组(取差集/取补集)
arr1 = ["a","b","c","d"]
arr2 = ["d","e"]
new_array = list(set(arr2)-set(arr1))
print(new_array)
# 将输出
# ["e"]
通过 requests 发送带自定义 headers 的 post 请求
# coding=utf-8
import requests
api = 'http://httpbin.org/post?t=333'
headers = {'TOKEN':'testavbs'}
form = {"a":123,"b":456}
try:
response = requests.post(api, headers=headers, data=form)
except requests.RequestException as e:
print(dict(error=e.message))
print(response.text)
print("Status code: {}").format(response.status_code)
# 将输出
# {
# "args": {
# "t": "333"
# },
# "data": "",
# "files": {},
# "form": {
# "a": "123",
# "b": "456"
# },
# "headers": {
# "Accept": "*/*",
# "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",
# "Content-Length": "11",
# "Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
# "Host": "httpbin.org",
# "Token": "testavbs",
# "User-Agent": "python-requests/2.21.0"
# },
# "json": null,
# "url": "https://httpbin.org/post"
# }
# Status code: 200
快速检测指定文件的 MIME 类型
这里通过使用一个第三方包 python-magic来进行快速检测
在 OSX 下使用，请注意，python-magic 依赖 libmagic 这个类库，需要先安装
安装
brew install libmagic
pip install python-magic
实例
import magic
mime = magic.Magic(mime=True)
result = mime.from_file("test/test.png")
print(result)
# 将输出
# 'image/png'
通过 mimetypes 库检测
from mimetypes import MimeTypes
import urllib
mime = MimeTypes()
url = 'https://www.dogedoge.com/assets/logo_homepage.normal.v108.svg'
url = urllib.pathname2url(url)
mime_type = mime.guess_type(url)
print(mime_type)
# 将输出
# ('image/svg+xml', None)
计算指定文件的 md5 值
import hashlib
import os
filepath = 'test.png'
def get_file_md5(filepath):
if not os.path.isfile(filepath):
return
myhash = hashlib.md5()
f = open(filepath,'rb')
while True:
b = f.read(8096)
if not b :
break
myhash.update(b)
f.close()
return myhash.hexdigest()
result = get_file_md5(filepath)
遍历指定目录及子目录
# coding=utf-8
import os
# 递归遍历目录
def traversal_files(path):
for filepath in os.listdir(path):
filepath = os.path.join(path, filepath)
if os.path.isfile(filepath):
# 这里可以写针对文件的操作逻辑
print(filepath)
# 判断当前目录是否为文件夹
if os.path.isdir(filepath):
# print('即将遍历: %s' % filepath)
traversal_files(filepath)
scan_dir = '/tmp'
traversal_files(scan_dir)
